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"Pearls As One"
Part 1: Introduction
A Dedication
A Message from the Pearl Association of America
Introduction to Cultured Pearls
Part 2: Akoya Pearls
Introduction to Akoya Pearls
Early Akoya Pearl Culturing in Japan
The Discovery of the Cultured Pearl Process
The Rise of Japan’s Cultured Pearl Industry
Global Acceptance
Postwar Expansion
The Passing of a Legend
The Diamond Policy
Pearl Farms in Japan (0:13)
The Akoya Pearl Mollusk
Hatcheries and Shell Breeding
Pearl Nuclei
Nucleation (2:39)
Pearl Formation and Nacre Development
The Harvest
Akoya Shell Mortality and the Birnavirus Crisis
Keshi Pearls
Hama-age Auctions
Modern Akoya Pearl Processing in Japan (1:31)
Value Factors of Akoya Pearls
Hanadama and Akoya Grading
Natural Color and Treatments
Akoya Pearls Outside Japan
The Modern Akoya Pearl Market
Climate Change and the Future of Akoya Farming
Quiz: Akoya Pearls
Part 3: Freshwater pearls
Introduction to Freshwater Pearls
Freshwater Pearl Mussels
Early History of Freshwater Pearls
Biwa Pearls and Lake Kasumigaura
Freshwater Pearl Farming in the United States
China Enters Freshwater Pearl Production
China’s Expansion, Saturation, and the Shift to Quality
Donor Mussel Pigmentation and Selective Breeding
Scale, Structure, and Labor in Chinese Pearl Farming
Harvest and Processing
The Rise of Regenerative and Intelligent Freshwater Pearl Farming (1:15)
China as the Center of Freshwater Perliculture
Production Methods: Non-Nucleated and Bead-Nucleated Freshwater Pearls
Value Characteristics of Non-Nucleated Freshwater Pearls
Processing and Market Role of Non-Nucleated Freshwater Pearls
Bead-Nucleated Freshwater Pearls
Fireball Pearls: Re-Nucleation of Existing Pearl Sacs
In-Body Bead-Nucleated Freshwater Pearls
Small Bead-Nucleated Round Freshwater Pearls
Value Characteristics of Bead-Nucleated Freshwater Pearls
Experimental and Discontinued Techniques
Kasumi ga Ura vs Kasumiga (5:05)
The Future of Freshwater Perliculture
Quiz Freshwater Pearls
Part 4: Black Pearls
Introduction to Black Pearls
What Is a Black Pearl?
Tahitian Pearls from French Polynesia
The Black-Lipped Pearl Mollusk
Color in Black Pearls
Early Experiments and First Harvests
Pioneers and Market Acceptance
Robert Wan and the Pearl Rush
The Modern Tahitian Pearl Industry
Pearl Farms and Lagoons (19:41)
Spat Collection and Hatcheries
Nucleation and Pearl Formation (0:54)
The Harvest and Official Grading
Treatments and Disclosure
Value Factors of Black Pearls
The Black Pearl Market
Fijian Black Pearls (4:07)
Sea of Cortez Pearls from Mexico
Sea of Cortez Pearl Attributes
Quiz: Black Pearls
Part 5: South Sea Pearls
Introduction to South Sea Pearls
The History of South Sea Pearling
The Birth of South Sea Pearl Cultivation (2:32)
Where South Sea Pearls Are Produced (2:30)
The South Sea Pearl Mollusk (1:32)
White-Lipped and Gold-Lipped Shell
Hatcheries and Shell Breeding
Farming Systems and Longlines (0:32)
Nucleation
Pearl Formation and Culture Period
Harvesting and Processing (0:52)
South Sea Keshi and Mabé Pearls
Australian South Sea Pearls (1:17)
Philippine Golden South Sea Pearls
Indonesian South Sea Pearls (4:22)
Myanmar and Smaller Producing Regions
South Sea Pearl Grading and Value Factors (0:27)
Natural Color and Treatments
The Modern South Sea Pearl Market (2:40)
Sustainability, Climate, and the Future
Quiz: South Sea Pearls
Part 6: A Retailer's Guide to Grading Akoya Pearls
Introduction
1. SIZE
2. SHAPES
3. COLOR
4. LUSTER
5. SURFACE QUALITY
6. NACRE QUALITY
7. MATCHING
GRADING AKOYA PEARLS
Part 7: A Retailer's Guide to Grading Freshwater Pearls
Introduction
1. SIZE
2. SHAPES
3. COLORS
4. LUSTER
5. SURFACE QUALITY
6. NACRE QUALITY
7. MATCHING
GRADING FRESHWATER PEARLS
Part 8: A Retailer's Guide to Grading Tahitian Pearls
Introduction
1. SIZE
2. SHAPES
3. COLORS
4. LUSTER
5. SURFACE QUALITY
6. NACRE QUALITY
7. MATCHING
GRADING TAHITIAN PEARLS
Part 9: A Retailer's Guide to Grading South Sea Pearls
Introduction to South Sea Pearl Grading
1. SIZE
2. SHAPES
3. COLORS
4. LUSTER
5. SURFACE QUALITY
6. NACRE QUALITY
7. MATCHING SOUTH SEA PEARLS
GRADING SOUTH SEA PEARLS
Earn Your Certificate - The Final Exam
The Final Exam
Early History of Freshwater Pearls
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